Firmware2/Marlin/src/sd/SdFatStructs.h
Scott Lahteine bfad23d3e2 (c) 2020
2020-02-03 08:00:57 -06:00

615 lines
22 KiB
C

/**
* Marlin 3D Printer Firmware
* Copyright (c) 2020 MarlinFirmware [https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/Marlin]
*
* Based on Sprinter and grbl.
* Copyright (c) 2011 Camiel Gubbels / Erik van der Zalm
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
#pragma once
/**
* \file
* \brief FAT file structures
*/
/**
* Arduino SdFat Library
* Copyright (c) 2009 by William Greiman
*
* This file is part of the Arduino Sd2Card Library
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#define PACKED __attribute__((__packed__))
/**
* mostly from Microsoft document fatgen103.doc
* http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/firmware/fatgen.mspx
*/
uint8_t const BOOTSIG0 = 0x55, // Value for byte 510 of boot block or MBR
BOOTSIG1 = 0xAA, // Value for byte 511 of boot block or MBR
EXTENDED_BOOT_SIG = 0x29; // Value for bootSignature field int FAT/FAT32 boot sector
/**
* \struct partitionTable
* \brief MBR partition table entry
*
* A partition table entry for a MBR formatted storage device.
* The MBR partition table has four entries.
*/
struct partitionTable {
/**
* Boot Indicator . Indicates whether the volume is the active
* partition. Legal values include: 0x00. Do not use for booting.
* 0x80 Active partition.
*/
uint8_t boot;
/**
* Head part of Cylinder-head-sector address of the first block in
* the partition. Legal values are 0-255. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
uint8_t beginHead;
/**
* Sector part of Cylinder-head-sector address of the first block in
* the partition. Legal values are 1-63. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
unsigned beginSector : 6;
/** High bits cylinder for first block in partition. */
unsigned beginCylinderHigh : 2;
/**
* Combine beginCylinderLow with beginCylinderHigh. Legal values
* are 0-1023. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
uint8_t beginCylinderLow;
/**
* Partition type. See defines that begin with PART_TYPE_ for
* some Microsoft partition types.
*/
uint8_t type;
/**
* head part of cylinder-head-sector address of the last sector in the
* partition. Legal values are 0-255. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
uint8_t endHead;
/**
* Sector part of cylinder-head-sector address of the last sector in
* the partition. Legal values are 1-63. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
unsigned endSector : 6;
/** High bits of end cylinder */
unsigned endCylinderHigh : 2;
/**
* Combine endCylinderLow with endCylinderHigh. Legal values
* are 0-1023. Only used in old PC BIOS.
*/
uint8_t endCylinderLow;
uint32_t firstSector; // Logical block address of the first block in the partition.
uint32_t totalSectors; // Length of the partition, in blocks.
} PACKED;
typedef struct partitionTable part_t; // Type name for partitionTable
/**
* \struct masterBootRecord
*
* \brief Master Boot Record
*
* The first block of a storage device that is formatted with a MBR.
*/
struct masterBootRecord {
uint8_t codeArea[440]; // Code Area for master boot program.
uint32_t diskSignature; // Optional Windows NT disk signature. May contain boot code.
uint16_t usuallyZero; // Usually zero but may be more boot code.
part_t part[4]; // Partition tables.
uint8_t mbrSig0; // First MBR signature byte. Must be 0x55
uint8_t mbrSig1; // Second MBR signature byte. Must be 0xAA
} PACKED;
/** Type name for masterBootRecord */
typedef struct masterBootRecord mbr_t;
/**
* \struct fat_boot
*
* \brief Boot sector for a FAT12/FAT16 volume.
*
*/
struct fat_boot {
/**
* The first three bytes of the boot sector must be valid,
* executable x 86-based CPU instructions. This includes a
* jump instruction that skips the next nonexecutable bytes.
*/
uint8_t jump[3];
/**
* This is typically a string of characters that identifies
* the operating system that formatted the volume.
*/
char oemId[8];
/**
* The size of a hardware sector. Valid decimal values for this
* field are 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096. For most disks used in
* the United States, the value of this field is 512.
*/
uint16_t bytesPerSector;
/**
* Number of sectors per allocation unit. This value must be a
* power of 2 that is greater than 0. The legal values are
* 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128. 128 should be avoided.
*/
uint8_t sectorsPerCluster;
/**
* The number of sectors preceding the start of the first FAT,
* including the boot sector. The value of this field is always 1.
*/
uint16_t reservedSectorCount;
/**
* The number of copies of the FAT on the volume.
* The value of this field is always 2.
*/
uint8_t fatCount;
/**
* For FAT12 and FAT16 volumes, this field contains the count of
* 32-byte directory entries in the root directory. For FAT32 volumes,
* this field must be set to 0. For FAT12 and FAT16 volumes, this
* value should always specify a count that when multiplied by 32
* results in a multiple of bytesPerSector. FAT16 volumes should
* use the value 512.
*/
uint16_t rootDirEntryCount;
/**
* This field is the old 16-bit total count of sectors on the volume.
* This count includes the count of all sectors in all four regions
* of the volume. This field can be 0; if it is 0, then totalSectors32
* must be nonzero. For FAT32 volumes, this field must be 0. For
* FAT12 and FAT16 volumes, this field contains the sector count, and
* totalSectors32 is 0 if the total sector count fits
* (is less than 0x10000).
*/
uint16_t totalSectors16;
/**
* This dates back to the old MS-DOS 1.x media determination and is
* no longer usually used for anything. 0xF8 is the standard value
* for fixed (nonremovable) media. For removable media, 0xF0 is
* frequently used. Legal values are 0xF0 or 0xF8-0xFF.
*/
uint8_t mediaType;
/**
* Count of sectors occupied by one FAT on FAT12/FAT16 volumes.
* On FAT32 volumes this field must be 0, and sectorsPerFat32
* contains the FAT size count.
*/
uint16_t sectorsPerFat16;
uint16_t sectorsPerTrack; // Sectors per track for interrupt 0x13. Not used otherwise.
uint16_t headCount; // Number of heads for interrupt 0x13. Not used otherwise.
/**
* Count of hidden sectors preceding the partition that contains this
* FAT volume. This field is generally only relevant for media
* visible on interrupt 0x13.
*/
uint32_t hidddenSectors;
/**
* This field is the new 32-bit total count of sectors on the volume.
* This count includes the count of all sectors in all four regions
* of the volume. This field can be 0; if it is 0, then
* totalSectors16 must be nonzero.
*/
uint32_t totalSectors32;
/**
* Related to the BIOS physical drive number. Floppy drives are
* identified as 0x00 and physical hard disks are identified as
* 0x80, regardless of the number of physical disk drives.
* Typically, this value is set prior to issuing an INT 13h BIOS
* call to specify the device to access. The value is only
* relevant if the device is a boot device.
*/
uint8_t driveNumber;
uint8_t reserved1; // used by Windows NT - should be zero for FAT
uint8_t bootSignature; // 0x29 if next three fields are valid
/**
* A random serial number created when formatting a disk,
* which helps to distinguish between disks.
* Usually generated by combining date and time.
*/
uint32_t volumeSerialNumber;
/**
* A field once used to store the volume label. The volume label
* is now stored as a special file in the root directory.
*/
char volumeLabel[11];
/**
* A field with a value of either FAT, FAT12 or FAT16,
* depending on the disk format.
*/
char fileSystemType[8];
uint8_t bootCode[448]; // X86 boot code
uint8_t bootSectorSig0; // must be 0x55
uint8_t bootSectorSig1; // must be 0xAA
} PACKED;
typedef struct fat_boot fat_boot_t; // Type name for FAT Boot Sector
/**
* \struct fat32_boot
*
* \brief Boot sector for a FAT32 volume.
*/
struct fat32_boot {
/**
* The first three bytes of the boot sector must be valid,
* executable x 86-based CPU instructions. This includes a
* jump instruction that skips the next nonexecutable bytes.
*/
uint8_t jump[3];
/**
* This is typically a string of characters that identifies
* the operating system that formatted the volume.
*/
char oemId[8];
/**
* The size of a hardware sector. Valid decimal values for this
* field are 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096. For most disks used in
* the United States, the value of this field is 512.
*/
uint16_t bytesPerSector;
/**
* Number of sectors per allocation unit. This value must be a
* power of 2 that is greater than 0. The legal values are
* 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128. 128 should be avoided.
*/
uint8_t sectorsPerCluster;
/**
* The number of sectors preceding the start of the first FAT,
* including the boot sector. Must not be zero
*/
uint16_t reservedSectorCount;
/**
* The number of copies of the FAT on the volume.
* The value of this field is always 2.
*/
uint8_t fatCount;
/**
* FAT12/FAT16 only. For FAT32 volumes, this field must be set to 0.
*/
uint16_t rootDirEntryCount;
/**
* For FAT32 volumes, this field must be 0.
*/
uint16_t totalSectors16;
/**
* This dates back to the old MS-DOS 1.x media determination and is
* no longer usually used for anything. 0xF8 is the standard value
* for fixed (nonremovable) media. For removable media, 0xF0 is
* frequently used. Legal values are 0xF0 or 0xF8-0xFF.
*/
uint8_t mediaType;
/**
* On FAT32 volumes this field must be 0, and sectorsPerFat32
* contains the FAT size count.
*/
uint16_t sectorsPerFat16;
uint16_t sectorsPerTrack; // Sectors per track for interrupt 0x13. Not used otherwise.
uint16_t headCount; // Number of heads for interrupt 0x13. Not used otherwise.
/**
* Count of hidden sectors preceding the partition that contains this
* FAT volume. This field is generally only relevant for media
* visible on interrupt 0x13.
*/
uint32_t hidddenSectors;
/**
* Contains the total number of sectors in the FAT32 volume.
*/
uint32_t totalSectors32;
/**
* Count of sectors occupied by one FAT on FAT32 volumes.
*/
uint32_t sectorsPerFat32;
/**
* This field is only defined for FAT32 media and does not exist on
* FAT12 and FAT16 media.
* Bits 0-3 -- Zero-based number of active FAT.
* Only valid if mirroring is disabled.
* Bits 4-6 -- Reserved.
* Bit 7 -- 0 means the FAT is mirrored at runtime into all FATs.
* -- 1 means only one FAT is active; it is the one referenced
* in bits 0-3.
* Bits 8-15 -- Reserved.
*/
uint16_t fat32Flags;
/**
* FAT32 version. High byte is major revision number.
* Low byte is minor revision number. Only 0.0 define.
*/
uint16_t fat32Version;
/**
* Cluster number of the first cluster of the root directory for FAT32.
* This usually 2 but not required to be 2.
*/
uint32_t fat32RootCluster;
/**
* Sector number of FSINFO structure in the reserved area of the
* FAT32 volume. Usually 1.
*/
uint16_t fat32FSInfo;
/**
* If nonzero, indicates the sector number in the reserved area
* of the volume of a copy of the boot record. Usually 6.
* No value other than 6 is recommended.
*/
uint16_t fat32BackBootBlock;
/**
* Reserved for future expansion. Code that formats FAT32 volumes
* should always set all of the bytes of this field to 0.
*/
uint8_t fat32Reserved[12];
/**
* Related to the BIOS physical drive number. Floppy drives are
* identified as 0x00 and physical hard disks are identified as
* 0x80, regardless of the number of physical disk drives.
* Typically, this value is set prior to issuing an INT 13h BIOS
* call to specify the device to access. The value is only
* relevant if the device is a boot device.
*/
uint8_t driveNumber;
uint8_t reserved1; // Used by Windows NT - should be zero for FAT
uint8_t bootSignature; // 0x29 if next three fields are valid
/**
* A random serial number created when formatting a disk,
* which helps to distinguish between disks.
* Usually generated by combining date and time.
*/
uint32_t volumeSerialNumber;
/**
* A field once used to store the volume label. The volume label
* is now stored as a special file in the root directory.
*/
char volumeLabel[11];
/**
* A text field with a value of FAT32.
*/
char fileSystemType[8];
uint8_t bootCode[420]; // X86 boot code
uint8_t bootSectorSig0; // must be 0x55
uint8_t bootSectorSig1; // must be 0xAA
} PACKED;
typedef struct fat32_boot fat32_boot_t; // Type name for FAT32 Boot Sector
uint32_t const FSINFO_LEAD_SIG = 0x41615252, // 'AaRR' Lead signature for a FSINFO sector
FSINFO_STRUCT_SIG = 0x61417272; // 'aArr' Struct signature for a FSINFO sector
/**
* \struct fat32_fsinfo
*
* \brief FSINFO sector for a FAT32 volume.
*
*/
struct fat32_fsinfo {
uint32_t leadSignature; // must be 0x52, 0x52, 0x61, 0x41 'RRaA'
uint8_t reserved1[480]; // must be zero
uint32_t structSignature; // must be 0x72, 0x72, 0x41, 0x61 'rrAa'
/**
* Contains the last known free cluster count on the volume.
* If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, then the free count is unknown
* and must be computed. Any other value can be used, but is
* not necessarily correct. It should be range checked at least
* to make sure it is <= volume cluster count.
*/
uint32_t freeCount;
/**
* This is a hint for the FAT driver. It indicates the cluster
* number at which the driver should start looking for free clusters.
* If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, then there is no hint and the driver
* should start looking at cluster 2.
*/
uint32_t nextFree;
uint8_t reserved2[12]; // must be zero
uint8_t tailSignature[4]; // must be 0x00, 0x00, 0x55, 0xAA
} PACKED;
typedef struct fat32_fsinfo fat32_fsinfo_t; // Type name for FAT32 FSINFO Sector
// End Of Chain values for FAT entries
uint16_t const FAT12EOC = 0xFFF, // FAT12 end of chain value used by Microsoft.
FAT12EOC_MIN = 0xFF8, // Minimum value for FAT12 EOC. Use to test for EOC.
FAT16EOC = 0xFFFF, // FAT16 end of chain value used by Microsoft.
FAT16EOC_MIN = 0xFFF8; // Minimum value for FAT16 EOC. Use to test for EOC.
uint32_t const FAT32EOC = 0x0FFFFFFF, // FAT32 end of chain value used by Microsoft.
FAT32EOC_MIN = 0x0FFFFFF8, // Minimum value for FAT32 EOC. Use to test for EOC.
FAT32MASK = 0x0FFFFFFF; // Mask a for FAT32 entry. Entries are 28 bits.
/**
* \struct directoryEntry
* \brief FAT short directory entry
*
* Short means short 8.3 name, not the entry size.
*
* Date Format. A FAT directory entry date stamp is a 16-bit field that is
* basically a date relative to the MS-DOS epoch of 01/01/1980. Here is the
* format (bit 0 is the LSB of the 16-bit word, bit 15 is the MSB of the
* 16-bit word):
*
* Bits 9-15: Count of years from 1980, valid value range 0-127
* inclusive (1980-2107).
*
* Bits 5-8: Month of year, 1 = January, valid value range 1-12 inclusive.
*
* Bits 0-4: Day of month, valid value range 1-31 inclusive.
*
* Time Format. A FAT directory entry time stamp is a 16-bit field that has
* a granularity of 2 seconds. Here is the format (bit 0 is the LSB of the
* 16-bit word, bit 15 is the MSB of the 16-bit word).
*
* Bits 11-15: Hours, valid value range 0-23 inclusive.
*
* Bits 5-10: Minutes, valid value range 0-59 inclusive.
*
* Bits 0-4: 2-second count, valid value range 0-29 inclusive (0 - 58 seconds).
*
* The valid time range is from Midnight 00:00:00 to 23:59:58.
*/
struct directoryEntry {
/**
* Short 8.3 name.
*
* The first eight bytes contain the file name with blank fill.
* The last three bytes contain the file extension with blank fill.
*/
uint8_t name[11];
/**
* Entry attributes.
*
* The upper two bits of the attribute byte are reserved and should
* always be set to 0 when a file is created and never modified or
* looked at after that. See defines that begin with DIR_ATT_.
*/
uint8_t attributes;
/**
* Reserved for use by Windows NT. Set value to 0 when a file is
* created and never modify or look at it after that.
*/
uint8_t reservedNT;
/**
* The granularity of the seconds part of creationTime is 2 seconds
* so this field is a count of tenths of a second and it's valid
* value range is 0-199 inclusive. (WHG note - seems to be hundredths)
*/
uint8_t creationTimeTenths;
uint16_t creationTime; // Time file was created.
uint16_t creationDate; // Date file was created.
/**
* Last access date. Note that there is no last access time, only
* a date. This is the date of last read or write. In the case of
* a write, this should be set to the same date as lastWriteDate.
*/
uint16_t lastAccessDate;
/**
* High word of this entry's first cluster number (always 0 for a
* FAT12 or FAT16 volume).
*/
uint16_t firstClusterHigh;
uint16_t lastWriteTime; // Time of last write. File creation is considered a write.
uint16_t lastWriteDate; // Date of last write. File creation is considered a write.
uint16_t firstClusterLow; // Low word of this entry's first cluster number.
uint32_t fileSize; // 32-bit unsigned holding this file's size in bytes.
} PACKED;
/**
* \struct directoryVFATEntry
* \brief VFAT long filename directory entry
*
* directoryVFATEntries are found in the same list as normal directoryEntry.
* But have the attribute field set to DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME.
*
* Long filenames are saved in multiple directoryVFATEntries.
* Each entry containing 13 UTF-16 characters.
*/
struct directoryVFATEntry {
/**
* Sequence number. Consists of 2 parts:
* bit 6: indicates first long filename block for the next file
* bit 0-4: the position of this long filename block (first block is 1)
*/
uint8_t sequenceNumber;
uint16_t name1[5]; // First set of UTF-16 characters
uint8_t attributes; // attributes (at the same location as in directoryEntry), always 0x0F
uint8_t reservedNT; // Reserved for use by Windows NT. Always 0.
uint8_t checksum; // Checksum of the short 8.3 filename, can be used to checked if the file system as modified by a not-long-filename aware implementation.
uint16_t name2[6]; // Second set of UTF-16 characters
uint16_t firstClusterLow; // firstClusterLow is always zero for longFilenames
uint16_t name3[2]; // Third set of UTF-16 characters
} PACKED;
// Definitions for directory entries
//
typedef struct directoryEntry dir_t; // Type name for directoryEntry
typedef struct directoryVFATEntry vfat_t; // Type name for directoryVFATEntry
uint8_t const DIR_NAME_0xE5 = 0x05, // escape for name[0] = 0xE5
DIR_NAME_DELETED = 0xE5, // name[0] value for entry that is free after being "deleted"
DIR_NAME_FREE = 0x00, // name[0] value for entry that is free and no allocated entries follow
DIR_ATT_READ_ONLY = 0x01, // file is read-only
DIR_ATT_HIDDEN = 0x02, // File should hidden in directory listings
DIR_ATT_SYSTEM = 0x04, // Entry is for a system file
DIR_ATT_VOLUME_ID = 0x08, // Directory entry contains the volume label
DIR_ATT_DIRECTORY = 0x10, // Entry is for a directory
DIR_ATT_ARCHIVE = 0x20, // Old DOS archive bit for backup support
DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME = 0x0F, // Test value for long name entry. Test is (d->attributes & DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME_MASK) == DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME.
DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME_MASK = 0x3F, // Test mask for long name entry
DIR_ATT_DEFINED_BITS = 0x3F; // defined attribute bits
/**
* Directory entry is part of a long name
* \param[in] dir Pointer to a directory entry.
*
* \return true if the entry is for part of a long name else false.
*/
static inline uint8_t DIR_IS_LONG_NAME(const dir_t* dir) {
return (dir->attributes & DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME_MASK) == DIR_ATT_LONG_NAME;
}
/** Mask for file/subdirectory tests */
uint8_t const DIR_ATT_FILE_TYPE_MASK = (DIR_ATT_VOLUME_ID | DIR_ATT_DIRECTORY);
/**
* Directory entry is for a file
* \param[in] dir Pointer to a directory entry.
*
* \return true if the entry is for a normal file else false.
*/
static inline uint8_t DIR_IS_FILE(const dir_t* dir) {
return (dir->attributes & DIR_ATT_FILE_TYPE_MASK) == 0;
}
/**
* Directory entry is for a subdirectory
* \param[in] dir Pointer to a directory entry.
*
* \return true if the entry is for a subdirectory else false.
*/
static inline uint8_t DIR_IS_SUBDIR(const dir_t* dir) {
return (dir->attributes & DIR_ATT_FILE_TYPE_MASK) == DIR_ATT_DIRECTORY;
}
/**
* Directory entry is for a file or subdirectory
* \param[in] dir Pointer to a directory entry.
*
* \return true if the entry is for a normal file or subdirectory else false.
*/
static inline uint8_t DIR_IS_FILE_OR_SUBDIR(const dir_t* dir) {
return (dir->attributes & DIR_ATT_VOLUME_ID) == 0;
}